Quantum Teleportation Using Entangled Electron Spins in s- and d- Wave Superconductors

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Physics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4416, Iran

Abstract

Quantum teleportation is one of the most remarkable protocols in quantum information science. It enables the transfer of an unknown quantum state from one location to another using quantum entanglement and classical communication. In solid state systems, superconductors provide a natural platform for generating entangled electron pairs through Cooper pairing. In this work, quantum teleportation is analyzed using entangled electron spins extracted from superconductors. The influence of the superconducting pairing symmetry on teleportation performance is examined. In particular, s-wave and d-wave superconductors are compared regarding their performance in the teleportation protocol, and the teleportation fidelity achievable using the spin entanglement of the two electron spins forming Cooper pairs is evaluated. For the d-wave case, a low-temperature approximation for the gap function is employed, where the gap function is proportional to the angle of the momentum vector with respect to the gap axis. The relationship between the teleportation fidelity and the distance between the two electron spins forming Cooper pairs, as well as the gap function, is also examined. Moreover, the d-wave superconductor exhibits distinctive features in relation to the fidelity. The distances at which the fidelity reaches the classical threshold are also determined. The analysis shows that superconductors can serve as a realistic resource for solid state quantum teleportation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

© 2026 The Author(s). Progress in Physics of Applied Materials published by Semnan University Press. This is an open access article under the CC-BY 4.0 license. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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History

  • Receive Date: 30 May 2026
  • Revise Date: 13 June 2026
  • Accept Date: 17 June 2026

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