Semnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260101Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in Cu1-3xZn2xMnxFe2O4 Ferrites113990510.22075/ppam.2025.37277.1141ENAhmadGholizadehSchool of Physics, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran0000-0003-2377-6808SakinehHosseiniSchool of Physics, Damghan University, Damghan, IranJournal Article20250330Doping spinel ferrites with carefully selected dopants is a common approach to enhance the physical properties of the base ferrite. Zn/Mn co-substituted CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, represented as Cu<sub>1-3x</sub>Zn<sub>2x</sub>Mn<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, was prepared by the auto-combustion method. The primary goal was to study the effects of varying Zn/Mn levels on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel ferrites. As the Zn/Mn co-substitution level increased, a notable structural phase change from a tetragonal phase with <em>I</em>4<sub>1</sub>/<em>amd</em> space group to a cubic phase with <em>Fd</em> <em>m</em> space group was observed. This finding was further validated through FTIR spectroscopy analysis. Interestingly, the bandgap energy of the co-substituted ferrites showed a clear dependence on the substitution levels, ranging from 1.68 eV to 1.98 eV. This variation in optical properties is a significant result, as it allows researchers to fine-tune the bandgap energy of these materials based on specific application requirements. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization of the co-substituted ferrites exhibited a considerable shift as the Zn/Mn levels increased. A hard-to-soft magnetic phase transition was observed, indicating a substantial change in the materials' magnetic behavior. This discovery highlights the potential to tailor the magnetic properties of CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel ferrites by carefully controlling the Zn/Mn co-substitution levels. Overall, the findings from this study demonstrate that Zn/Mn co-substitution is an effective technique to modify the properties of CuFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinel ferrites. https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_9905_36ae77db7915835abc105f631f0391f8.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260101Hydrothermally Synthesized TiO2 Nanostructures on Ti Foil for Visible Light Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline1525993710.22075/ppam.2025.38104.1152ENSamiraYousefzadehDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tabriz University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, Iran0000-0001-6810-0671NastaranRostam JadidoleslamDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tabriz University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, IranKosarMoharramiDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Tabriz University of Technology, P.O. Box: 51335-1996, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20250615In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) nanostructures on titanium foil were synthesized through a hydrothermal procedure, subsequently followed by calcination at temperatures of 500, 600, and 700 °C. The morphological, structural, and optical properties were systematically characterized using SEM, XRD, and DRS analysis. The results indicated that the calcination temperature exerts a substantial influence on the morphology and crystalline phase composition of the TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures. The calcined TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructure at 600 °C (T(600)) indicated a well-defined and interconnected sheets with porous structure. This architecture enhanced the surface-to-volume ratio, light absorption and scattering, facilitated efficient charge carrier separation and improved molecular accessibility and adsorption for tetracycline (TC) degradation. The T(600) sample exhibited better performance in visible light assisted photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline as compared to T(500) and T(700) samples due to its efficient charge carrier separation and transport in a proper rutile/anatase composition. This sample reached removal efficiency of 56.50%, accompanied by a first-order kinetic rate constant of 0.0058 min⁻¹ under visible light irradiation. The results were attributed visible light absorption by TC and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanostructures along with proper charge separation in the appropriate crystalline phase composition of the T(600) sample. These findings underscore the pivotal role of calcination temperature in optimizing TiO<sub>2</sub>-based photocatalysts for efficient environmental remediation.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_9937_ad80947c9909dd9d70739ca2b8f3fd2d.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501Nonferritic Metallic Oxide / Polyvinyl Alcohol Polymer Nanocomposite as a Biocompatible Dielectric Material for Future Generations of Clean Energy Systems2734998010.22075/ppam.2025.38068.1150ENAliBahariDepartment of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran0000-0002-4927-3144VaheedFallah HamidabadiDepartment of Physics Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4988-7605AbbasFarhadiDepartment of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran0000-0002-9807-1039NasrinMoradbeigiDepartment of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, IranJournal Article20250611In the last decades, there has been much research in the manufacture of clean energy systems such as display components and chips due to the large-scale production and economical synthesis conditions. For getting low dependence on fossil fuel consumption, it has led researchers to use, as an example of organic field effect transistors (OFETs), eco-friendly gate dielectric materials which are bio-compatible with nature. For this reason, among a large number of metal oxides, polymers and organic materials, as a novelty of the present work, the electrical and dielectric characteristics of nonferritic metallic- lithium oxide (NFLiO<sub>x</sub>) an eco-friendly metal oxide and polyvinyl alcohol polymer (PVA) are investigated and tested as a possible alternative biocompatible dielectric material for the next OFET generations. https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_9980_a5329a91ef79db75900bd9cab3d96e43.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501DFT Investigation of Electro-Optical Properties of a Novel Liquid Crystal Molecule Under Extraneous Electric Field (THz)3542998410.22075/ppam.2025.38335.1156ENYadupatiKushwahaDepartment of Physics, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, INDIASatya BrattPandeyDepartment of Chemistry, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, INDIASachin KumarSinghDepartment of Chemistry, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, INDIAUmeshYadavaDepartment of Physics, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, INDIA0000-0002-9127-532XJournal Article20250714This work presents theoretical investigations into the electro-optical response of an aroylhydrazone liquid crystal (LC) N-[2-Hydroxy-4-dodecylidene]-N′-[4′-dodecyloxybenzoyl]hydrazine (2HDDH) under the influence of terahertz (THz) range electric fields, a regime rarely explored for this class of materials. While previous studies on LC molecules have predominantly focused on static or low-frequency fields, the effect of high-frequency (THz) electric fields on their electro-optical properties remains largely unexplored, limiting the understanding of their potential in next-generation photonic and optoelectronic technologies. Using a theoretical framework originally developed for organic compounds and extended here to THz device contexts, we computed order parameter, birefringence, director angle, vertical electronic transitions, frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO–LUMO), and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surfaces. The finite field approach was employed to evaluate order parameter, birefringence, and magic angle, while DFT and TD-DFT calculations revealed high anisotropic polarizability (Δα = 466.45 Bohr³), a moderate dipole moment (μ = 5.67 D), and strong UV absorption. These results identify 2HDDH as a thermally stable, electro-optically active material with significant promise for THz-frequency optoelectronic applications, including advanced displays, sensors, and OLEDs.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_9984_81930c54e08b6d26d9638dd2e4656dc1.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501Synthesis and Investigation of Different Properties of K2FeO4/ZnO and Its GO-Based Nanocomposites4355999110.22075/ppam.2025.38094.1151ENAzamHashemiDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, IranMahmoudNaseriDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran0000-0001-9307-7098Mohammad MahdiShahidiUNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanoscience and Nanotechnology College of Graduates Studies, University of South Africa, Muckleneuk Ridge, Pretoria, 392, South AfricaHosseinMojtabazadehDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, IranNasrinSalehiDepartment of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, IranMahshidChirehDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Malayer University, Malayer, IranJournal Article20250614This paper presents significant findings regarding the impact of ZnO and graphene oxide (GO) doping on the structural and electrical properties of potassium ferrate nanostructures. The samples were synthesized using a thermal treatment method at temperatures of 773, 873, and 973 K. The structural characteristics, optical and magnetic properties of the synthesized samples were analyzed using various techniques. The photocatalytic activity of K<sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub>/ZnO nanoparticles under visible light irradiation was investigated using methylene blue (MB) degradation as a probe reaction. The results indicated a significant enhancement in photocatalytic activity when GO was incorporated into the K<sub>2</sub>FeO<sub>4</sub>/ZnO nanocomposite. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss were measured at room temperature across a frequency range of 4 to 8 MHz using an LCR meter. Our findings reveal that the addition of graphene oxide (GO) did not result in a significant enhancement in dielectric permittivity compared to potassium ferrate/ZnO nanocomposites. Therefore, potassium ferrate-based nanocomposites, given their favorable dielectric properties, are promising candidates for a wide range of applications, including devices operating at microwave frequencies, various optical and microelectronic applications, and as materials for microwave absorption.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_9991_d005ce7aeef46bd18515f783fb8e87fa.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501Structural, Magnetic, and Electrical Properties of REFe0.7Cr0.3O3 (RE= La, Pr, Nd, Sm, and Gd) Compounds57681007810.22075/ppam.2025.38505.1161ENRoksanaHajiFaculty of Physics, Semnan University P. O. Box 35195-363, Semnan, IranDavoudSanavi KhoshnoudFaculty of Physics, Semnan University P. O. Box 35195-363, Semnan, Iran0000-0001-5423-7351Journal Article20250730In this research, crystal information, magnetic, and electrical properties of REFe<sub>0.7</sub>Cr<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles were investigated via X-ray diffraction data, field-emission scanning electron microscopy images, magnetic hysteresis loops and dielectric measurements, respectively. All samples were synthesized by the sol-gel method. Results related to powder X-ray diffraction indicate that all samples are single-phase and crystallize in orthorhombic symmetry with <em>Pbnm</em> space group. By varying the rare earth (RE) ions from La to Gd, the unit cell volume decreases due to the reduction in the RE ionic radius. All samples display a weak ferromagnetic behavior with low remanent magnetization and coercivity field. The Néel transition temperature of the studied samples was determined by the temperature dependence of their magnetization. Results reveal that the Néel temperature values decrease from 583 K to 498 K with decreasing ionic radius of the RE ions. The frequency dependence of the dielectric constant in all samples follows the Maxwell-Wagner polarization model. The high dielectric constant at low frequencies emphasized the polarization mechanism associated with space charges. The LaFe<sub>0.7</sub>Cr<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>3</sub> sample exhibits a colossal dielectric constant in the low-frequency range at room temperature, which can be played play a significant role in miniaturizing electronic components and fabricating high-capacitance dielectric capacitors. The frequency dependence of ac conductivity indicates a small polaron hopping mechanism. To clarify the transport mechanism for of the REFe<sub>0.7</sub>Cr<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>samples, the variations of direct electrical conductivity versus temperature were studied, which revealed a semiconducting nature.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10078_2754518221cfbc8d25c13a06a4cb8421.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501Tunable Superarrival in Fractional Quantum Media69761009710.22075/ppam.2025.38523.1162ENMaryamSabzevarFaculty of Physics, Semnan University, Semnan 35195-363, Iran0000-0003-1153-9602Mohammad HosseinEhsaniFaculty of Physics, Semnan University, Semnan 35195-363, Iran0000-0002-7169-7496MehdiSoleimaniDepartment of Physics, Qom University of Technology, Qom 1519-37195, Iran0000-0003-4111-4680Journal Article20250731In this study, we present a numerical investigation of wave packet dynamics in a nonlinear and dispersive medium described by the space-fractional Schrödinger equation, with direct relevance to quantum electronic device applications. Employing the Split-Step Finite Difference (SSFD) method, we analyse the superarrival phenomenon, where the arrival time of a Gaussian wave packet is accelerated due to the presence of a decelerating potential barrier. Two key configurations are explored: a barrier approaching the wave packet and a receding one. We show that the superarrival response is highly sensitive to system parameters such as the fractional order, nonlinearity, dispersion, and the barrier's motion profile. Our findings demonstrate that superarrival can be effectively tuned, offering new design strategies for emerging quantum electronic components such as ultrafast signal switches, wave-based logic gates, and controllable tunneling junctions in nano-engineered systems. This work bridges fundamental quantum transport with the functionality of next-generation electronic devices.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10097_23b702c4c421ddb2d023fee968c0d839.pdfSemnan University PressProgress in Physics of Applied Materials2783-47946120260501Modeling and Optimization of Graphene/GaAs Structured Solar Cells Toward Improved Energy Efficiency77861021210.22075/ppam.2025.38430.1160ENYaserShamsiDepartment of Physics, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran0009-0000-8337-462XAbdolrahimBaharvandDepartment of Physics, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran0000-0002-7034-6686AminSalehiDepartment of Physics, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran0000-0003-1861-621XJournal Article20250725The rising global demand for energy, coupled with environmental concerns associated with fossil fuels, has intensified the need for the development of novel technologies based on renewable energy sources. This study focuses on the modeling and optimization of a graphene/gallium arsenide (GaAs) Schottky junction solar cell to enhance power-conversion efficiency (PCE). The proposed structure consists of graphene, GaAs, and silicon oxide layers, simulated using Silvaco software along with advanced physical models, including thermionic emission, Auger recombination, and drift–diffusion mechanisms. The effects of key parameters—such as GaAs substrate thickness, number of graphene layers, graphene work function, and nanograting structures—on critical performance metrics, including open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and PCE were systematically investigated. In addition, the overall stability of the photovoltaic (PV) system was evaluated to ensure consistent and reliable energy conversion performance under continuous illumination. The results indicate that the optimal GaAs substrate thickness is approximately 4 µm, and increasing the number of graphene layers up to three improves the efficiency by about 1.196%. The implementation of rectangular nanogratings enhances light absorption, achieving a final efficiency of nearly 2.05%. Furthermore, employing graphene with a work function of 4.55 eV significantly improves Voc and FF, yielding the best overall performance balance. These findings highlight the pivotal role of precise nanostructure design and the optimal selection of optical and electrical material properties in advancing next-generation graphene-based solar cells.https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10212_8fcd9e5482a62a5fa130468f4cf641ef.pdf