Semnan University Press Progress in Physics of Applied Materials 2783-4794 7 1 2026 05 01 Structural and Optical Properties of NiO-Doped WO₃ Thin Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition 1 8 10692 10.22075/ppam.2026.40444.1204 EN Batool Faydhe Al-Azzawi Institute of Technology, Middle Technical University (MTU), Baghdad, 10001, Iraq Hussein J. Abdul Karim Institute of Technology, Middle Technical University (MTU), Baghdad, 10001, Iraq Mohammed Abdilridha Alrekabi Remote Sensing Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq Mustafa E. Hammadi Department of Remote Sensing, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq Laith I. Khalil Department of Medical Physics, College of Science, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq Journal Article 2026 02 01 This study investigates the effect of NiO incorporation on the structural and optical properties of WO₃ thin films deposited on glass substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The NiO concentration is varied (0.2,0.4 and 0.6 wt.%) while maintaining identical deposition conditions to isolate its intrinsic influence. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the films indicates a monoclinic structure, with the shift in peaks suggesting lattice distortion due to higher amount of NiO Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra show that the W–O–W and Ni–O vibrational modes are in agreement with the successful incorporation of NiO in WO₃. Optical measurements show a significant drop in transmittance from 85.59% to 24.39% at 500 nm along with increased absorption in the visible region. The optical band gap diminishes from 3.30 eV to 3.00 eV with increasing NiO concentration, owing to defect-induced localized states and structural changes. The film containing 0.6 wt.% NiO possesses high structural disorder and multiphase characteristics leading to strong band gap narrowing and strong optical absorption. The results indicate that the regulated incorporation of NiO may provide a useful strategy for tuning the structural and optical behaviour of WO₃ thin films.

https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10692_9ad2afc8e1d41a2e93f79e4664608b97.pdf

Semnan University Press Progress in Physics of Applied Materials 2783-4794 7 1 2027 05 01 Characterization of Tungsten Carbide and Bismuth Tungstate Nanostructured Composites for High-Energy Photon Attenuation 9 15 10721 10.22075/ppam.2026.41152.1226 EN Haneen Jabaar Hawi Physics department, Education College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad-Iraq Mustafa Shakir Hashim Physics department, Education College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad-Iraq Journal Article 2026 05 11 The novelty and significance of the multilayer shielding design is introduced in current paper. Two dense nontoxic powders were utilized to fabricate gamma attenuation shielding. Tungsten carbide (WC) and bismuth tungstate were deposited on 316L SS discs separately by electrophoretic and dip coating techniques. Four samples were synthesized. The first sample consists of ten coated discs with WC and fixed by epoxy. The second sample is like the first one, but the coating material is bismuth tungstate. The third and fourth samples were a mixture of epoxy, 316L SS micropowder plus WC, and bismuth tungstate, respectively. The hydrothermal technique was used to prepare bismuth tungstate. Bismuth tungstate powder was characterized using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed that the average particle size of bismuth tungstate was about 60 nm. Shielding properties like linear absorption coefficient (LAC), transmission factor percentage (T%), and radiation protection efficiency (RPE%) were calculated for all samples. The coating of 316L SS plates with WC and bismuth tungstate nanoparticles increases LAC. The incorporation of these nanoparticles and micro 316L SS into the epoxy matrix significantly enhanced the composites' ability to attenuate gamma radiation, as demonstrated by the increased LAC. The result confirms the importance of having high atomic numbers with high density of materials that make up shield, and the presence of voids in these materials will greatly weaken them even if the atomic numbers are high.

https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10721_6b95dac20767c74605dd79555c9e5826.pdf

Semnan University Press Progress in Physics of Applied Materials 2783-4794 7 1 2027 05 01 Quantum Teleportation Using Entangled Electron Spins in s- and d- Wave Superconductors 17 25 10765 10.22075/ppam.2026.41410.1235 EN Reza Afzali Department of Physics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4416, Iran Journal Article 2026 05 30 Quantum teleportation is one of the most remarkable protocols in quantum information science. It enables the transfer of an unknown quantum state from one location to another using quantum entanglement and classical communication. In solid state systems, superconductors provide a natural platform for generating entangled electron pairs through Cooper pairing. In this work, quantum teleportation is analyzed using entangled electron spins extracted from superconductors. The influence of the superconducting pairing symmetry on teleportation performance is examined. In particular, s-wave and d-wave superconductors are compared regarding their performance in the teleportation protocol, and the teleportation fidelity achievable using the spin entanglement of the two electron spins forming Cooper pairs is evaluated. For the d-wave case, a low-temperature approximation for the gap function is employed, where the gap function is proportional to the angle of the momentum vector with respect to the gap axis. The relationship between the teleportation fidelity and the distance between the two electron spins forming Cooper pairs, as well as the gap function, is also examined. Moreover, the d-wave superconductor exhibits distinctive features in relation to the fidelity. The distances at which the fidelity reaches the classical threshold are also determined. The analysis shows that superconductors can serve as a realistic resource for solid state quantum teleportation.

https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10765_1d0c911c15631eb37c7109a2abfe99b0.pdf

Semnan University Press Progress in Physics of Applied Materials 2783-4794 7 1 2027 05 01 Quantum Chemical Investigation of Structural, Spectroscopic, Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Gefitinib Using DFT 27 36 10794 10.22075/ppam.2026.40899.1215 EN Atul Kumar Shukla Department of Physics,University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India Anchal Srivastava Department of Physics,University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India Mritunjai Mishra Department of Physics,Siddharth University, Siddharthnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India Sunil Kumar Mishra Department of Chemistry,M. L. K. (PG) College, Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh, India Nitin Dwivedi Department of Physics,University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India R K Shukla Department of Physics,University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India Journal Article 2026 04 15 Gefitinib, a well-known epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, was investigated in this study using density functional theory (DFT). The molecular structure was optimized at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory, and the absence of imaginary frequencies confirmed the stability of the optimized structure. Vibrational analysis provided detailed insight into the characteristic functional groups of the molecule. The electronic properties were analyzed using frontier molecular orbital analysis. The HOMO and LUMO energies were calculated to be −6.0734 eV and −1.8243 eV, respectively, with an energy gap of 4.2491 eV, indicating the good kinetic stability of the molecule. TD-DFT studies demonstrated a main absorption band at approximately 325 nm, which was mainly attributed to π → π* electronic transitions in the conjugated quinazoline framework. Solvent-phase analysis using the PCM model revealed a slight red shift in the absorption wavelength, confirming the effect of solvation on the electronic excitation characteristics of gefitinib. The calculated nonlinear optical parameters showed significant polarizability and first hyperpolarizability values, which can be attributed to effective intramolecular charge transfer and extended π-conjugation.

https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10794_3331d9fc4d5ce17d35b16adfd17db4af.pdf