Semnan University Press Progress in Physics of Applied Materials 2783-4794 6 4 2026 12 01 Ginger-Extract–Modified ZnO Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Applications 273 284 10586 10.22075/ppam.2026.40113.1194 EN Ahmed Hussein Ali Department of Medical Physics, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, 31002 Iraq Ahlam Ismael Al-ObaidI College of Pharmacy, University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq Ahmed AL-Jumaili Department of Medical Physics, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, 31002 Iraq Electronics Materials Lab, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, QLD, 4811 Australia Journal Article 2025 12 20 This study confirmed the green formation of zinc oxide nanoscale particles (ZnO‑NPs) via the extract of ginger rhizome as a sustainable and effective stabilizing agent. Surface modification by ginger-derived phytochemicals resulted in a distinct red shift in optical absorption and a narrowing of the bandgap, indicating successful electronic tuning of the material. In comparison to pure ZnO-NPs, the ginger-mediated approach produces much smaller crystallites and a more uniform particle dispersion, according to structural and morphological characterizations. The biological performance of the nanoparticles was directly improved by these physicochemical changes; the modified GE-ZnO-NPs demonstrated greater antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. This work presents a sustainable method for creating bio-active nanomaterials with improved performance for antimicrobial functions by emphasizing the cooperative role of phytochemical functionalization in fine-tuning particle size and surface chemistry. https://ppam.semnan.ac.ir/article_10586_2c6a771bf235f84ce1ebaf046a2508d6.pdf